Ideally before signing a reservation, paying a deposit, accepting an arras agreement, incorporating a company or assuming any financial commitment. In Spain, many risks arise at an early stage: incomplete documents, charges, planning issues, insufficient powers of attorney, tax mistakes or unfavourable contract clauses. Early legal review helps negotiate better and avoid problems later.

Yes. Many international clients live in Germany, the United Kingdom, Switzerland or other countries and require legal assistance in Spain. We can coordinate document review and communication with notaries, registries, banks, tax advisers, authorities and other parties involved. The aim is to enable the client to make informed decisions and act in Spain with legal certainty, even from abroad.

Yes. In many cases, a lawyer can act under a notarised power of attorney, properly prepared and, where necessary, apostilled or translated. This can be useful for property purchases, notarial formalities, NIE or NIF matters, administrative procedures, companies, inheritances or certain court matters. The exact scope of the power of attorney should be reviewed in advance to ensure that it is valid and sufficient in Spain.

Vox Legis International can coordinate advice in Spanish, German and English. In cross-border matters, translating words is not enough: legal, tax and notarial concepts must be explained clearly. The purpose is to ensure that the client understands what they are signing, what risks exist and what alternatives are available before making a decision.

Yes. Foreign nationals can buy property in Spain without being Spanish residents. However, in most cases a NIE, proof of source of funds, banking and tax documentation, legal review of the property and proper coordination of the contract, payments and notarial deed will be required.

It is not legally mandatory, but it is highly recommended. The notary does not replace an independent legal review in the buyer’s interest. A lawyer can check charges, debts, licences, planning status, owners’ association issues, contract clauses, taxes and transaction risks. This is particularly important in active property markets such as Marbella, Málaga and the Costa del Sol.

Depending on the case, the Land Registry, cadastre, ownership, charges, mortgages, seizures, community debts, property tax, utilities, licences, planning status, possible leases or rights of use, technical documentation and contract terms should be reviewed. In complex transactions, broader due diligence may be required, especially for high-value investments or real estate projects.

An arras agreement is a very common preliminary contract in Spanish property transactions. It regulates the price, deposit, deadlines, conditions, allocation of costs, consequences of breach and, where applicable, withdrawal rights. Although the public deed is signed later before a notary, many economic and legal obligations are already fixed in the arras agreement. It should therefore be reviewed before signing.

This depends on the transaction. Resale properties are usually subject to transfer tax. New-build properties may be subject to VAT and stamp duty. Notary and registry costs, possible non-resident obligations, wealth tax or similar charges where applicable, and the future taxation of ownership, rental income or sale of the property should also be considered.

This depends on the purpose of the investment. Buying through a company may be useful if several investors are involved, if a business activity is planned, or if financing, management or a future transfer should be structured. However, it may also create additional costs and accounting, tax and administrative obligations. The structure should be analysed before the purchase, not afterwards.

Yes. We advise on the incorporation and structuring of Spanish companies, including SL, SA, branches or other suitable vehicles depending on the case. We can coordinate articles of association, shareholders, management, powers of attorney, NIE or NIF, tax registration, notary, Commercial Registry and internal agreements. The aim is not merely to create a company, but to design a structure that serves the project.

Yes. We can prepare and coordinate the documentation required for international clients, including NIE for individuals, NIF for companies, notarised powers of attorney, apostilles, translations, corporate documents, registry certificates and administrative forms. The specific requirements depend on whether an individual, a foreign company or a more complex investment structure is involved.

The former residence permit for real estate investors, commonly known as the Golden Visa, has no longer been available for new applications since 3 April 2025. However, other residence options may exist depending on the client’s personal, professional, family or financial situation. Before linking a property investment to an immigration strategy, the individual case should be assessed.

Yes. We advise on international inheritances involving assets in Spain, especially where heirs or deceased persons are resident in different countries. We can coordinate wills, acceptance of inheritance, allocation of assets, registry registration, inheritance tax, certificates, powers of attorney and communication with notaries, registries and foreign advisers. Prior planning can help avoid disputes, delays and unnecessary costs.

Yes. Vox Legis is not limited to real estate or corporate advice. The firm provides comprehensive legal advice and defence in several areas of Spanish law, including criminal law, white-collar crime, corporate compliance, commercial law, civil and family law, immigration law, procedural agreements, settlements and investments. This allows international clients to rely on one coordinated legal team in Spain when a matter requires a broader strategy or involves several areas of law.